Nanocrystalline Magnetic Hydroxyapatite (MHAp) was synthesized through co-precipitation method and the subsequent heat treatment. Phase analysis, particle morphology, chemical bonding, and magnetic properties were studied using XRD, FESEM, FTIR, and VSM, respectively. The XRD results showed that MHAp was formed by heat treatment at 1100 ° C. The samples heat-treated at 500 and 1100 ° C incorporated a plate-like morphology with a mean crystallite size of 11. 7 and 59. 9 nm, respectively. In addition, the VSM results indicated that the synthesized MHAp was characterized by magnetic features after heat treatment. According to the findings in this study, the coercive field (Hc), saturation magnetization (Ms), and magnetism stayed (Mr) were 0. 175 kOe, 0. 00147, and 0. 02615 emug-1, respectively, in-10 to 10 kOe magnetic field. The growth kinetics of the MHAp was alo studied. According to the results, the growth activation energies for low and high temperatures were 45. 51 and 67. 33 kJ/mol, respectively. Owing to several properties already proven, the MHAp powder was successfully synthesized.

Nanocrystalline alumina powder has been synthesized using solution combustion method. The obtained nanocrystalline alumina powder was used as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of imidazo [1, 2-a] azine derivatives from one-pot three component reaction of benzaldehyde, 2-aminoazine and trimethylsilylcyanide under ultrasonic irradiation and refluxing condition. Reusability of catalyst and short reaction time as well as high yields are the advantages of this procedure.

Introduction: : The purpose of this research is solid state recycling of 3000 and 5000 series aluminum alloy scrap to produce aluminum nano-crystalline powder by mechanical milling without using process controlling agent. In this regard, aluminum used beverage cans (UBCs) which consist of lid (alloy 5182) and the monolith part (alloy 3004) of the body (thin) and bottom (thicker). Methods: To achieve disintegration mechanism, lid part, body and bottom of monolith part are separated each other because of diverse constituent of Al series and different thickness. The three parts individually were decoated then cut into the small chips (app. 8 mm). The chips were mechanically ball milled at different times up to 104 hours under argon atmosphere. The ratio of ball to powder was 10 to 1. Findings: The lid part chips are crushed faster than the monolith part chips, and, resulting in a finer powder. According to the PSA results, the D90 of the lid powder is less than 150 micrometers,while D90 of the body and bottom powders are more than 150 micrometers. This result can be used on an industrial scale to separate the constituent elements of crushed UBCs from each other. The smallest D90 values of lid, body and bottom powders, which obtained after 72, 80 and 80 h as optimum milling time, are 109, 258 and 391, respectively. Also, their flowability were 57. 8, 59. 3 and 61. 1 s/50 g, as well as the apparent density were 1. 38, 1. 43 and 1. 46 g/cm3, respectively.

In this research an ultra-fine grained composite structure consisting of an intermetallic matrix together with dispersed nano size Al2O3 obtained via mechanical activation of TiO2 and Al in a high energy ball mill and sintering of consolidated samples. Phase composition and morphology of milled and sintered samples were evaluated by XRD and SEM techniques Thermal behavior of 8 hour milled powder was evaluated by DTA technique.DTA results showed that, the reaction happens in two steps. The first step is the aluminothermic reduction of TiO2 with Al. XRD observations reveals that some Ti3Al phase formed during reduction reaction together with TiAl and Al2O3 major phases. This intermetallic phase disappeared when sintering temperature was increased to 850 and 1000oC. The second step in DTA is related to a reaction between residual Al in the system (dissolved in TiAl lattice) and the Ti3Al phase produced earlier at lower temperatures. SEM micrographs reveal that by completion of the reduction reaction more homogeneous and finer microstructure is observable in sintered samples.

Increased demand for commodities as a result of the growing population has sped up industrialization. As a result of the expansion in industrial setups, there has been an increase in the generation of industrial waste. By polluting the water, air, and soil, these industrial pollutants seriously harm the ecosystem. Cyanide is one of the most significant environmental contaminants found in the sewage of various industries, and it can pollute water supplies in ways that are hazardous to both humans and the environment. There are numerous strategies to remove cyanide from aqueous media, however the majority of them are expensive. Consequently, this study’s objective is to remove cyanide utilizing nanocrystalline ZnO/NiO mixed metal oxide powder (ZnO@NiO). The influence of the adsorbent, initial cyanide concentration, contact time, and pH were evaluated in discontinuous phase for the removal of cyanide from aqueous media utilizing ZnO@NiO nanocrystals under varied conditions. Adsorption equilibrium were investigated in this study. The results of the study showed that the removal efficiency increases with the increase in retention time and the amount of adsorbent. The maximum amount of cyanide removal was obtained at pH = 10, retention time of 90 minutes, cyanide concentration of 2.5 mg/liter, and the adsorbent weight of 1 g, which was more than 98%.

Background: CdWO4 is a scin llator with some unique proper es. For example, high density, thermal and chemical stability and so on. Different applica ons of this scin llator such as X-ray scin llator has been inves gated thoroughly so far. However, there is limited number of studies repor ng the characteris cs of CdWO4 as an alpha counter. Materials and Methods: The CdWO4 powder was synthesized by a simple co-precipita on method. Then, the CdWO4 films with different thicknesses were prepared by spin coa ng method on glass substrates. The CdWO4 powder and films were characterized by X-ray diffrac on, photoluminescence, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transformed-infrared spectroscopy, and ion beam induced luminescence. Finally, the response of samples with different thicknesses was measured using a 241Am alpha source with 1860 Bq ac vity. Results: The analyses revealed that the nanocrystalline CdWO4 with about 30 nm size was successfully synthesized without any impurity. Besides, the CdWO4 films had the same luminescence emission peak characteris cs as CdWO4 powder had. Conclusion: It was observed that the sample with 2. 9 mg/cm2 thickness had the best coun ng efficiency (over 2π geometry) among the others.

A sol-gel auto-combustion method using n-decyltrimethylammonium bromide as a cationic surfactant has been used to synthesize the strontium hexaferrite powder. The gels were prepared from ferric and strontium nitrates, citric acid and various molar ratios of surfactant to strontium. Trimethylamine was used as a pH adjusting agent. The gels exhibited self-propagated combustion behavior after ignition in air. The combustion products were calcined at 800°C for 1 hour to form strontium hexaferrite phase. The results showed that the optimum molar ratio of swjactant to strontium in precursor is 0.4 and crystallite size of strontium hexaferrite powder in this sample is 27.2 nm.

In this research, nanocrystalline TiB2-TiC powder was fabricated by new method which named MACS (Microwave-Assisted Combustion Synthesis). Powder mixture consists of 3Ti+B4C was milled via a planetary mill up to 9 h. Then, from milled powder with different milling time, the pellets was shaped with diameter equal 10 mm for MACS process and synthesized by home microwave device with power of 1100W. The effect of milling time was also considered. Synthesized samples were characterized by XRD and SEM analysis. The results of above analysis showed increasing of the milling time to 9 h the synthesis of desired phases (TiC and TiB2) was associated with greater success and the amount of the side products and intermediate compounds reach to minimum in the final product. This phenomenin was confirmed by TEM images. Also, with increasing of milling time from 1 to 9 h the required time for synthesis of samples reduces from 3 min to 35 sec.